TRANSFORMER
A
transformer is an electrical device that is used to transfer electrical energy
between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. In the field of
radiology, transformers are used extensively to produce high-voltage and high-frequency electrical energy required for X-ray production. In this section, we will discuss the design, uses, and types of transformers used in radiology.
Design of Transformers:
A
transformer consists of two coils of wire wound around a common magnetic core.
The coil that is connected to the electrical source is called the primary
winding, while the coil connected to the load is called the secondary winding.
When an alternating current (AC) is applied to the primary winding, it creates
a magnetic field in the core, which induces an alternating voltage in the
secondary winding. The voltage in the secondary winding can be increased or
decreased depending on the number of turns in the primary and secondary windings.
Uses of Transformers in Radiology:
Transformers
are essential components in X-ray machines and are used to produce the high-voltage and high-frequency electrical energy required for X-ray production. In
a typical X-ray machine, a high-voltage transformer is used to increase the
voltage from the AC mains to several kilovolts (kV) required to produce X-rays.
The transformer is also used to increase the frequency of the AC to several
hundred kilohertz (kHz), which is required for efficient X-ray production.
Types of Transformers Used in Radiology:
There
are several types of transformers used in radiology, including:
High Voltage Transformer: A high voltage transformer is used to increase the
voltage from the AC mains to the required level for X-ray production. The
transformer is designed to withstand the high voltage and high-frequency output
required for X-ray production.
Filament Transformer: A filament transformer is used to supply low voltage
and high current to the filament of the X-ray tube. The filament is heated to a
high temperature, which releases electrons that are accelerated to produce
X-rays.
Autotransformer: An autotransformer is used to regulate the output
voltage of the high voltage transformer. It is designed to provide a variable
voltage output that can be adjusted to the required level.
Step-Up Transformer: A step-up transformer is used to increase the voltage
of the AC mains to the required level for X-ray production. The transformer is
designed to withstand the high voltage and high-frequency output required for
X-ray production.
Step-Down Transformer: A step-down transformer is used to decrease the
voltage of the AC mains to the required level for X-ray production. The
transformer is designed to withstand the high voltage and high-frequency output
required for X-ray production.
Transformers play a critical role in X-ray machines and are used extensively to produce the high-voltage and high-frequency electrical energy required for X-ray production. High voltage transformers, filament transformers, autotransformers, step-up transformers, and step-down transformers are some of the most commonly used transformers in radiology. Proper design, selection, and use of transformers are essential to ensure safe and efficient X-ray production.